Testing General - 5

81. At what stage the design of a project or application is validated
Should start from the first phase itself. But conventional testing will start after coding phase.

82. How do you prioritize testing tasks within a project?

We can prioritize testing tasks within a project by determining the risk factor of each and every module on the basis of impact and likelihood and then start testing the module having the highest risk factor.

83. How do you handle conflict with programmers?
Maintain a better relationship with the developers. Before raising the Bug make sure that the bug is a real & valued one. Don’t blame the developer for mistakes.

84.What do you think the role of test-group manager should be? Relative to senior management? Relative to other technical groups in the company? Relative to your staff?
ROLES OF test-group manager INCLUDE

*Defect find and close rates by week, normalized against level of effort (are we finding defects, and can developers keep up with the number found and the ones necessary to fix?)

* Number of tests planned, run, passed by a week

*defects founds per activity Vs total defects found

*Shedule estimates Vs actuals

* People on project, planned Vs actual by week or month

*Major or Minor requirement changes

85. What is the testing lifecycle and explain each of its phases?
TEST PLAN PREPARATION TEST CASE DESIGN TEST EXECUTION TEST LOG TEST PREPARATION DEFECT TRACKING REPORT PREPARATION

86. What is Negative testing?
Testing with an aim to break the application.

87. What is the Capability Maturity Model (CMM)? At what CMM level were the last few companies you worked?
CMM :- Capability Maturity Model developed by the SEI. It's a model of 5 levels of organizational maturity that determine effectiveness in delivering quality software.

88. What is a "Good Tester"?
A good tester is one who finds the bug as early as possible and make sure the bug is fixed

89.What methodologies have you used to develop test cases?

ECP, BVA

90. In an application currently in production, one module of code is being modified. Is it necessary to re- test the whole application or is it enough to just test functionality associated with that module?
It depends on the functionality related with that module.We need to check whether that module is inter-related with other modules.If it is related with other modules,we need to test related modules too.Otherwise,if it is an independent module,no need

91. What is good code?
a code which is 1.bug free 2.reusable 3.independent 4.less complexity 5.well documented 6. Easy to change is called good code

92.Who is Kent Beck, Dr Grace Hopper, Dennis Ritchie?
Dr. Kent Beck is the computer scientist who developed the Extreme Programming(Xp) methodology.

Dr Grace Hopper is a woman who done a lot of work on early computers and who used primitive programming techniques to the use of sophisticated compilers.

Dennis Ritchie- C

93. What are basic, core, practices for a QA specialist?
QA always monitors the project from beginning to end. if there is process violation takes places then he takes a CAPA(corrective action and preventive action). his work is preventive work. he does his work by conducting reviews, meetings, walkthroughs

94. Define each of the following and explain how each relates to the other: Unit, System, and Integration testing.
Unit system comes first. Performed by a developer. Integration testing comes next. Performed by a tester System testing comes last-Performed by a tester

95. Explain the differences between White-box, Gray-box, and Black-box testing.
Black box testing Tests are based on requirements and functionality. Not based on any knowledge of internal design or code. White box testing Tests are based on coverage of code statements, branches, paths, conditions.